Placental abruption

Description

A serious problem during pregnancy that involves the placenta, the organ that brings oxygen and nutrients to an unborn baby, also called a fetus.

Overview

Placental abruption happens when the placenta separates from the inner wall of the womb, also called the uterus. The cause often is not known. But it can happen due to an injury to the belly, such as from a car crash or a fall. It also can happen if the uterus quickly loses amniotic fluid, the clear liquid that surrounds and cushions the baby.

Symptoms

Placental abruption can cause bleeding from the vagina and pain in the belly or back. Belly pain and back pain often begin suddenly. The stomach area may feel tender or rigid. Feelings of tightness and relaxing in the womb, called contractions, also may happen. Symptoms are most likely to start after 20 weeks of pregnancy.

Treatments

If it's too soon for the baby to be born, the pregnancy might need to be monitored at the hospital. The pregnant person may need to take medicines that help the baby's lungs and brain. If the baby is close to full term, a vaginal birth or a faster delivery method such as C-section may be an option. The pregnant person may need a blood transfusion for serious bleeding.